Kṛṣṇa analyzes the ‘Fruit’ of our actions. Pious work done in goodness yields a ‘Nirmalam’ or pure result—happiness and clarity. Action in Passion, however, always results in ‘Duḥkham’ or misery. Action in Ignorance results in ‘Ajñānam’—more stupidity and confusion. You reap exactly what you sow, in the specific flavor you sow it. Why does Passion lead to misery? Because it is based on desire. If the desire is unfulfilled, there is anger; if it is fulfilled, there is the fear of loss. It is a never-ending cycle of stress. Ignorance is even worse; it leads to a total loss of sense. Only Goodness provides a ‘clean’ return, where the mind feels light and the soul feels satisfied. It teaches us to look at the long-term ‘yield’ of our habits. If your lifestyle is currently causing you a lot of ‘Duḥkham’ (misery), you are likely operating in the mode of Passion. To get a different result, you must change the mode of your work. By shifting to Sattvic activity, you naturally move toward a ‘Nirmalam’ or spotless life of peace.