Kṛṣṇa explains the consequences of an atheistic worldview. Those who accept the idea that there is no God become ‘Naṣṭātmānaḥ’—lost souls who have no contact with their true selves. Despite their cleverness, Kṛṣṇa calls them ‘Alpa-buddhayaḥ’ (unintelligent) because they have missed the point of human life. Because they believe only in matter, they engage in ‘Ugra-karmāṇaḥ’—horrible, destructive works. They create technologies and systems that harm the environment and society. They become ‘Ahitāḥ’—enemies of the world—who contribute to its destruction rather than its welfare. This verse is a powerful critique of purely materialistic progress. If our work is not grounded in spiritual values, it eventually becomes a curse for the planet. Real intelligence is used to nourish life; demoniac intelligence is used to exploit it, eventually leading to the ruin of everything they tried to build.