|| 18.14 ||
अधिष्ठानं तथा कर्ता करणं च पृथग्विधम्। विविधाश्च पृथक्चेष्टा दैवं चैवात्र पञ्चमम्।।
adhiṣṭhānaṁ tathā kartā karaṇaṁ ca pṛthag-vidham vividhāś ca pṛthak ceṣṭā daivaṁ caivātra pañcamam
Word by Word
adhiṣṭhānam (the place/body) tathā (also) kartā (the doer/soul) karaṇam (the instruments/senses) ca (and) pṛthag-vidham (of various kinds) vividhāḥ (various) ca (and) pṛthak (separate) ceṣṭāḥ (endeavors) daivam (destiny/God) ca (and) eva (certainly) atra (here) pañcamam (the fifth).
Translation
The place of action [the body], the performer, the various senses, the many different kinds of endeavor, and ultimately the Supersoul—these are the five factors of action.
Meaning
Kṛṣṇa lists the five factors of action: 1) ‘Adhiṣṭhānam’—the place or the physical body. 2) ‘Kartā’—the soul who provides the desire. 3) ‘Karaṇam’—the various instruments and senses. 4) ‘Ceṣṭāḥ’—the actual effort or energy expended. 5) ‘Daivam’—Destiny, or the sanction of the Supersoul. These five must cooperate for anything to happen.
Notice that the human soul (‘Kartā’) is only one out of five. You need the ‘Hardware’ (the body), the ‘Tools’ (the senses), the ‘Fuel’ (effort), and most importantly, the ‘Sanction’ of God (Daivam). You can have the best plan and the hardest effort, but if the fifth factor doesn’t sign off, the result will not manifest. This is why some people succeed with little effort, while others fail despite working very hard. The ‘Daivam’ factor is the ultimate variable.
It teaches us that we are ‘Co-creators’, not ‘Sole-creators’. We should provide the desire and the effort, but we must remain humble regarding the outcome. By recognizing the role of ‘Daivam’ (God’s will), we lose our arrogance and our anxiety. We should focus on doing our part with integrity and leave the ‘Sanction’ to the Lord. We are part of a team effort, where Kṛṣṇa is the Managing Director.