|| 18.51 ||
बुद्ध्या विशुद्धया युक्तो धृत्यात्मानं नियम्य च। शब्दादीन्विषयांस्त्यक्त्वा रागद्वेषौ व्युदस्य च।।
buddhyā viśuddhayā yukto dhṛtyātmānaṁ niyamya ca śabdādīn viṣayāṁs tyaktvā rāga-dveṣau vyudasya ca
Word by Word
buddhyā (with intelligence) viśuddhayā (purified) yuktaḥ (engaged) dhṛtyā (with determination) ātmānam (self) niyamya (controlling) ca (and) śabda-ādīn (sound and so on) viṣayān (sense objects) tyaktvā (giving up) rāga-dveṣau (attachment and hatred) vyudasya (casting aside) ca (and).
Translation
Being purified by his intelligence and controlling the mind with determination, giving up the objects of sense gratification, being freed from attachment and hatred...
Meaning
Kṛṣṇa begins to describe the behavior of the Brahman-realized soul. He starts with the internal state: an intelligence that is completely clean and transparent. This person uses their determination to keep a firm grip on the self, ensuring they do not drift back into old habits. They have successfully disconnected from the ‘noise’ of material distractions and have thrown away the two brothers of illusion: attachment and hatred.
This is a state of total mental silence. Most of our life is spent reacting to things we either crave or loathe. The sage has deleted these files from his consciousness. He doesn’t look at the world to see what he can ‘get’ from it; he looks at the world as a neutral observer. By casting aside likes and dislikes, the mind becomes like a mirror that can finally reflect the light of the soul without distortion.
It teaches us that spiritual advancement requires a radical simplification of our inner life. We must ‘tyaktvā’ or give up the obsession with sense objects. This doesn’t mean we stop living, but we stop letting the senses run the show. When the ‘buddhi’ is purified, we no longer see things as ‘good’ or ‘bad’ for our ego, but simply as they are.