|| 4.31 ||
यज्ञशिष्टामृतभुजो यान्ति ब्रह्म सनातनम्। नायं लोकोऽस्त्ययज्ञस्य कुतोऽन्यः कुरुसत्तम।।
yajña-śiṣṭāmṛta-bhujo yānti brahma sanātanam nāyaṁ loko ’sty ayajñasya kuto ’nyaḥ kuru-sattama
Word by Word
yajña-śiṣṭa (the remnants of sacrifice) amṛta-bhujaḥ (those who taste nectar) yānti (go to) brahma (the Absolute) sanātanam (eternal) na (never) ayam (this) lokaḥ (planet) asti (is) ayajñasya (for one who performs no sacrifice) kutaḥ (where is) anyaḥ (the other) kuru-sattama (O best of the Kurus)
Translation
O best of the Kuru dynasty, without sacrifice one can never live happily on this planet or in this life: what then of the next?
Meaning
Kṛṣṇa describes the reward for a life of sacrifice. Those who partake of the nectar-like remnants of sacrifice attain the eternal, Absolute Truth. Sacrifice is the process of turning material objects into spiritual nectar by offering them to God. When you live this way, your very life becomes sweet.
He then issues a stern warning: “This world is not for him who performs no sacrifice; how then can he expect to enjoy the next life?” A selfish person, who only wants to consume without giving back, violates the fundamental law of the universe. Such a person is miserable here on earth because they are isolated by their own greed.
Kṛṣṇa is telling Arjuna that the ‘good life’—both here and hereafter—is only possible through sacrifice. If Arjuna tries to find happiness by avoiding his difficult duty, he will fail in both worlds. Participation in the cosmic order through selfless work is the only way to find lasting peace and success.