Kṛṣṇa introduces the complexity of the science of action. He admits that even the most intelligent thinkers—the ‘kavayaḥ’—are bewildered when trying to define what is action and what is inaction. It is not as simple as looking at a moving or a still body. He promises to explain the truth of action to Arjuna, stating that by knowing this secret, Arjuna will be liberated from all misfortune. The definitions of the world are often superficial; a person sitting still might be internally performing intense material planning, while a person fighting might be internally in a state of perfect spiritual stillness. Kṛṣṇa is preparing to teach Arjuna how to find ‘peace in action’. This is the heart of the Gītā: performing one’s necessary work with such a high level of consciousness that the work produces no material results, only spiritual progress. He is about to dive into the deep ‘physics’ of karma.